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Add us on GoogleWould you empty your retirement account to bet on a business idea? For Bryan and Shannon Miles, that gamble turned a cashed-out retirement savings account into a successful company that was eventually sold, and the profits allowed the Miles to acquire an ownership stake in professional soccer clubs on three continents.
It’s the kind of story that makes an early retirement withdrawal look like a stroke of genius. But for every founder who wins big, Canadian data shows plenty more who don’t — and for Canadians, the tax hit on that first move alone makes it a far costlier bet than it looks on the surface.
In an interview with Fortune, Bryan and Shannon Miles explain how, in their mid-30s, they were restless in stable corporate careers. Rather than easing into entrepreneurship on the side, they went all in — cashing out the full balance of their U.S. retirement accounts, called 401(k)s, the American equivalent of a Canadian RRSP — approximately US$160,000 (C$227,000) in cashed-out retirement savings. They founded BELAY, a staffing software company that broke even after 14 months and posted 40 straight quarters of growth. In 2020, the couple brought in a new chief executive officer (CEO), and a year later sold a majority stake in the company for US$126 million (C$179 million), keeping an 18% ownership stake for themselves.
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Shannon has said she isn’t naturally a risk-taker when it comes to money, but reasoned that they were young enough to return to salaried jobs if the business failed — and that she would rather risk failure than live with the regret of never trying.
Their next venture, a brewery chain called NoFo Brew Co, connected them with soccer fans eager to watch matches over a pint — and eventually led to actual ownership stakes in the sport. In 2022, the Miles joined an investment group that bought British club Walsall F.C., around the same time actors Ryan Reynolds and Rob McElhenney famously bought Welsh club Wrexham A.F.C. A year later, the couple bought Irish club Drogheda United F.C. and has since taken stakes in clubs in Denmark and Togo.
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What cashing out retirement savings early would cost in Canada
As U.S. citizens, the withdrawal from their retirement fund triggered a 10% early withdrawal penalty on top of ordinary income tax. In Canada, cashing out an RRSP before retirement carries a different, but equally steep, set of costs.
- RRSP withdrawals are subject to a withholding tax of 10% on amounts up to $5,000, 20% on amounts up to $15,000, and 30% on anything above that (5%, 10% and 15% respectively for Quebec residents)
- The full amount withdrawn also gets added to taxable income for the year, which can push a filer into a higher tax bracket
- Unlike a TFSA, the contribution room used for an RRSP withdrawal is lost permanently — there’s no way to recontribute it later
For a couple cashing out an amount similar to the Miles’ — roughly C$227,000 — the withholding tax alone could claim more than C$68,000 before the money even reaches a bank account, with potentially more owed at tax time depending on income bracket.
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Balancing the entrepreneurial risk
For the Miles, the risk paid off. That won’t be true for every founder.
According to Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED), which tracks new business survival using Statistics Canada data, 94.8% of Canadian businesses survive their first year — but that falls to 68% by year 5 and to 48.2% by year 10. In other words, roughly half of the businesses started in Canada today won’t exist a decade from now.
The Canadian Federation of Independent Business (CFIB), an advocacy group representing small and medium businesses, reports that 55% of small business owners surveyed said they wouldn’t recommend starting a business today, citing financial risk, regulatory hurdles and economic uncertainty. Business closures have also outpaced new business creation for several consecutive quarters. Common reasons cited for business failure include weak business plans, oversaturated markets and insufficient starting capital.
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What Canadians can do before risking retirement savings on a business
Before following the Miles’ lead, a few steps can help limit the downside of betting personal savings on a new business:
- Consider a TFSA first — withdrawals from a Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA) aren’t subject to withholding tax, and the contribution room is restored the following calendar year, unlike an RRSP, where withdrawn room is gone for good
- Keep an emergency fund separate from startup capital — a dedicated cash cushion can help prevent a slow business ramp-up from turning into a personal financial crisis
- Separate personal and business finances — incorporating and keeping a distinct business bank account can help shield household finances if the business struggles
- Set a walk-away point in advance — decide how long the business has to become viable, and how much personal financial risk is acceptable before that runway runs out
- Talk to a professional first — a Certified Financial Planner (CFP), verified through FP Canada, can model the tax and retirement consequences of tapping registered accounts before a decision is made
Whether the goal is building a company or eventually cheering on a soccer team from the owner’s box, the entrepreneurs who fare best tend to be the ones who go in with a clear-eyed view of both the upside and the very real cost of getting there.
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Rinna Diamantakos is an assigning editor at Moneywise.com. A versatile journalist, she has experience as a writer, editor and producer. Her work has focused on politics, business and financial news.
