Buyer beware — How to protect yourself from online puppy scams

What is a puppy scam?

Online pet scams have become increasingly sophisticated, targeting hopeful pet owners through various platforms. Scammers create elaborate listings with stolen photos and detailed descriptions of puppies that don't actually exist.

These fraudsters often go to great lengths to appear legitimate, including using real breeder information and creating fake documentation. They may even engage in lengthy conversations with potential buyers to build trust before requesting payment.

Once they receive payment through methods like wire transfers, cryptocurrency or gift cards, they completely cut off communication. Some scammers may even try to extract more money by claiming additional fees for shipping, insurance or veterinary care.

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Red flags to watch for

No phone calls or in-person contact

If you're considering a breeder who is located far from you, you should expect clear and open communication. A reputable breeder will be happy to schedule phone or video calls to discuss their puppies, breeding practices and answer any questions you may have. They should also be willing to provide references from previous customers and share detailed health records.

Be especially wary of breeders who only communicate through text messages or email. Professional breeders understand the importance of direct communication and will make time to speak with potential puppy parents. If a breeder consistently avoids phone conversations or makes excuses about why they can't talk, this could be a warning sign of a scam operation.

Fake or copied photos

Another effective way to verify if puppy photos are legitimate is to examine the metadata and details of the images themselves. Look for inconsistencies in lighting, backgrounds or image quality that might suggest photo manipulation.

Additionally, many legitimate breeders will include watermarks on their photos or show the puppies in multiple stages of growth. If you only see one or two generic photos of a puppy, this could be a red flag.

Pro tip: Ask the breeder for a live video call where they can show you the puppy in real-time. This is one of the most reliable ways to verify that the puppy actually exists and is in their possession.

Unusual payment methods

When dealing with breeders, be wary of those who insist on payment through peer-to-peer money transfer apps or gift cards, as these methods offer little to no buyer protection and are commonly used in scams.

Reputable breeders typically accept secure payment methods such credit cards, bank e-transfers or PayPal, which provide protection for both the buyer and seller.

Non-standard pricing

Remember that age-old saying, "If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is?" When it comes to protecting yourself from puppy scams, this piece of wisdom could save you from heartbreak and financial loss.

One major red flag to watch for: Puppy prices that seem suspiciously low. If you come across websites offering purebred puppies at prices well below the typical market rate for that breed, proceed with extreme caution. These dramatically reduced prices are often bait used by scammers to lure in unsuspecting buyers.

How can I safely find a breeder online?

Reputable breeders prioritize the well-being of their dogs and take time to evaluate potential owners. They'll ask questions about your lifestyle, living situation and experience with dogs to ensure a successful match.

This careful screening process is a positive sign — it shows the breeder cares about finding the right homes for their puppies. They should be willing to answer all your questions and provide detailed information about the breed, health testing and their breeding practices.

Be wary of sellers who seem overly focused on completing the sale quickly or who pressure you to make an immediate decision. A good breeder will encourage you to take your time and make an informed choice about adding a dog to your family.

Here are some tips to help you find a reputable breeder:

Do Your Research

One of the best ways to avoid falling victim to a scam is to thoroughly research before making any significant online purchases.

Search for the company or seller's name plus keywords like scam or fake to uncover potential red flags. Take advantage of review sites, social media platforms such as Facebook, and community forums such as Reddit, where people share their experiences and warnings about suspicious sellers.

Check reviews and referrals

When evaluating online reviews, consider their authenticity. A reputable breeder should have verifiable feedback from multiple customers over time.

Look for detailed, specific reviews that discuss personal experiences, including both positive aspects and constructive feedback. Generic, overly positive reviews that lack specific details might be red flags.

Pay attention to how the breeder responds to reviews, especially negative ones. Professional, constructive responses can indicate a legitimate business that values customer feedback and maintains transparency.

Ask lots of questions and request proof

When choosing a breeder, it's crucial to verify their legitimacy through proper documentation and transparent communication. Any reputable breeder should be willing to provide detailed information about their breeding program and practices.

Before making any commitment, request to see the necessary paperwork, including health certifications, breeding licenses, and registration documents. A legitimate breeder will gladly share these materials and encourage you to review them thoroughly.

Additionally, consider asking for references from previous customers or local veterinarians who can vouch for the breeder's reputation. This due diligence helps ensure you're working with a responsible breeder who prioritizes the health and well-being of their animals.

Meet the breeders/pup’s parents in person

One of the best ways to ensure you're working with a reputable breeder is to arrange an in-person visit to meet both the breeder and the puppy you're interested in. This gives you the opportunity to see the living conditions firsthand and observe how the puppies interact with their mother and littermates.

If distance makes an in-person visit impractical, consider scheduling a video call through platforms such as Zoom or FaceTime. These virtual meetings allow you to ask important questions, see the puppy's behaviour in real-time, and get a good look at the breeding environment, even if you can't be there physically.

Documentation from the breeder

When acquiring a puppy from a breeder, proper documentation is essential. Be wary of any breeder who is reluctant or unable to provide the required documentation for your puppy. The absence of proper paperwork could indicate potential issues with the breeder's legitimacy or their breeding practices.

Be patient and don’t rush

A major red flag when dealing with potential puppy scammers is aggressive sales tactics. These fraudsters often employ high-pressure techniques to force quick decisions and immediate payments.

Scammers typically create a false sense of urgency, demanding large deposits upfront without giving prospective pet parents adequate time to review important details or ask necessary questions.

In contrast, reputable breeders prioritize the well-being of their puppies and potential adopters. They understand that bringing a new puppy home is a significant life decision that requires careful consideration of multiple factors, including lifestyle compatibility, long-term commitment and financial preparedness. Legitimate breeders will give you the time and space needed to make an informed decision.

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FAQs

Should I pay a deposit for a puppy?

Many responsible dog breeders require potential pet parents to put down a deposit on a puppy from an upcoming or current litter. This practice helps ensure that buyers are committed to providing a forever home for their new furry family member.

While deposits are a standard part of the adoption process with legitimate breeders, it's essential to protect yourself from potential scams. Before sending any money, be sure to do your due diligence by carefully researching the breeder and following the guidelines outlined above.

Is it safe to buy a puppy online?

Yes, when it comes to getting a new puppy, online shopping can be a viable option — but only if you take the proper precautions. By thoroughly researching breeders and watching for warning signs of potential scams, you can safely find your new furry family member through reputable online sources.

Remember that bringing a puppy into your home is a major decision that requires careful consideration. The convenience of online puppy shopping should be balanced with due diligence and awareness of best practices for avoiding fraudulent sellers.

How do you know if a dog breeder is legit?

When searching for a reputable breeder, it's essential to meet them in person whenever possible. A trustworthy breeder will always welcome face-to-face meetings and readily provide documentation proving their credentials and breeding practices. Additionally, they should be able to show health clearances, registration papers, and references from previous clients.

Before making any financial commitment, thoroughly investigate the breeder by reading online reviews, checking with breed clubs and verifying their standing with relevant kennel organizations. Take time to research common breeding scams and red flags to protect yourself during the puppy-buying process.

Sources

1. Better Business Bureau: Puppy Scams